Iranian Persian Language and Literature Promotion Society Research on Mystical Literature HTTPS://JP 11 2 2017 07 23 Metonym function in Shams's sonnets Metonym function in Shams's sonnets 95 118 22197 10.22108/jpll.2017.83256.0 FA Mohsen Zakinezhdian M.A in Persian Literature, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. Moohamadreza Salehi Assistant Professor of Persian Literature, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. Parvin Golizadeh Associate Professor of Persian Literature, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. Journal Article 2016 04 09   <br />Irony as an indirect and reflective expression of various issues, while improving the artistic and creative aspect of literary speech, gives the poem and writer the opportunity to convey difficult meanings and themes with a well-known, yet attentive, and artistically appealing tone familiar to the mind of the audience to be transmitted and internalized. In this study, first, after a brief look at the views expressed on the irony as well as its artistic values and literary functions, the qualitative and quantitative aspects of irony in Shams’s sonnets were studied. The results of the investigations revealed that Mowlana used a high frequency of near ironies in his poems. One of the reasons for this can be the simplicity and use of the poet's clear image as well as the result that the Rumi’s reliance on the meaning, not on the form. Moreover, the generality of Mowlana’s audience made the long mystical concepts to be appear in plain terms.   <br />Irony as an indirect and reflective expression of various issues, while improving the artistic and creative aspect of literary speech, gives the poem and writer the opportunity to convey difficult meanings and themes with a well-known, yet attentive, and artistically appealing tone familiar to the mind of the audience to be transmitted and internalized. In this study, first, after a brief look at the views expressed on the irony as well as its artistic values and literary functions, the qualitative and quantitative aspects of irony in Shams’s sonnets were studied. The results of the investigations revealed that Mowlana used a high frequency of near ironies in his poems. One of the reasons for this can be the simplicity and use of the poet's clear image as well as the result that the Rumi’s reliance on the meaning, not on the form. Moreover, the generality of Mowlana’s audience made the long mystical concepts to be appear in plain terms. https://jpll.ui.ac.ir/article_22197_76f0fd1a18709ad995fe8714cb382cc7.pdf