Iranian Persian Language and Literature Promotion Society Research on Mystical Literature HTTPS://JP 8 2 2015 02 20 The Art of Hafiz’s Libertine Language (Ambiguity in the meaning of “that sin” in a verse of Hafiz) The Art of Hafiz’s Libertine Language (Ambiguity in the meaning of “that sin” in a verse of Hafiz) 49 70 16460 FA Mohamad Reza Hasani Jalilayan Assistant Professor, University of Lorestan Journal Article 2016 06 14 One of the devices of Hafiz’s libertine language is using of indisputable and common beliefs of the readers as a cover for secondary meanings. In this paper, to prove such a hypothesis, different aspects of the meaning of the following verse are explored: <strong>اگر شراب خوری جرعه‌ای فشان بر خاک<br /> <br /> </strong> <strong> </strong> <strong>از آن گناه که نفعی رسد به غیر چه باک<br />                             </strong>(حافظ، 1372: 231) The collocation of the words “wine” and “sin” in this verse drives the mind of the reader to the sin of wine drinking. Accordingly, all commentators have interpreted the phrase “that sin” as the sin of drinking wine but if we assume that such phrase refers to “pouring wine” not “drinking wine”, this verse offers a new meaning. Thus, it can be argued that the poet has considered wine as a valuable element that wasting even a drop of it is a big sin but since, in the tradition of pouring wine, the dead are benefited, the sin of pouring not drinking of wine is justifiable. Decoding the words “wine”, “sip” and “soil” on the basis of their symbolic usages in early mystical texts provides the ground for another interpretation. Accordingly, such phrase refers to the sin of Adam and this verse is the symbolic expression of pouring spirit to the man or giving him the love by the Eternal Cup-Bearer and the incident of angels’ protest to the creation of Adam. It is assumed that Hafiz simultaneously and in a libertine manner implies all the three meanings. One of the devices of Hafiz’s libertine language is using of indisputable and common beliefs of the readers as a cover for secondary meanings. In this paper, to prove such a hypothesis, different aspects of the meaning of the following verse are explored: <strong>اگر شراب خوری جرعه‌ای فشان بر خاک<br /> <br /> </strong> <strong> </strong> <strong>از آن گناه که نفعی رسد به غیر چه باک<br />                             </strong>(حافظ، 1372: 231) The collocation of the words “wine” and “sin” in this verse drives the mind of the reader to the sin of wine drinking. Accordingly, all commentators have interpreted the phrase “that sin” as the sin of drinking wine but if we assume that such phrase refers to “pouring wine” not “drinking wine”, this verse offers a new meaning. Thus, it can be argued that the poet has considered wine as a valuable element that wasting even a drop of it is a big sin but since, in the tradition of pouring wine, the dead are benefited, the sin of pouring not drinking of wine is justifiable. Decoding the words “wine”, “sip” and “soil” on the basis of their symbolic usages in early mystical texts provides the ground for another interpretation. Accordingly, such phrase refers to the sin of Adam and this verse is the symbolic expression of pouring spirit to the man or giving him the love by the Eternal Cup-Bearer and the incident of angels’ protest to the creation of Adam. It is assumed that Hafiz simultaneously and in a libertine manner implies all the three meanings. https://jpll.ui.ac.ir/article_16460_4be3fafe7cfac961e1e6c23b5e4ecd11.pdf