Iranian Persian Language and Literature Promotion Society Research on Mystical Literature HTTPS://JP 3 3 2009 11 22 The origin of four anecdotes (Hekayats) and some distiches of Sa‘di The origin of four anecdotes (Hekayats) and some distiches of Sa‘di 1 20 16354 FA MH Karami Professor in Persian language and literature, Shiraz University. Journal Article 2016 06 14 The precious Persian literature is the fruit of elaboration, thought and talent of all Persian and sometimes non-Persian poets and writers some of whom maybe even unacquainted still productive. This means that all past poets and writers have played a role in establishing and developing Persian literature. Nonetheless, some were very prominent and some were very weak.It is precious to follow the meanings and thoughts, and to distinguish the sources of any work because it leads to comprehension of the origin of a thought and the role of the effective characters in it. Although there is almost no writer after Sa‘di who is not influenced by him, it is tried, in the present paper, to delineate the origin of four anecdotes and some famous distiches of Sa‘di in such books as Tabari history, Yaghubi history, the poems of Sanâyi, javame‘alhekayat of ‘Ufi and etc. It is possible that Sa‘di has read or heard them and then has imitated them consciously or unconsiously. These four anecdotes are the following: the ugly Negro sent to govern Egypt by Harun al Rashid, reaction of Anowshirvan, the king, the enemy's death. In addition the following themes are studied too: "the offspring of a wolf will become a wolf" , "Hatam e Tâyi and Soltan of Rome" , "one insulted an ill tempered man" , " I swear manhood that the rule of all the world.." and "all the human are the members of the same body".   The precious Persian literature is the fruit of elaboration, thought and talent of all Persian and sometimes non-Persian poets and writers some of whom maybe even unacquainted still productive. This means that all past poets and writers have played a role in establishing and developing Persian literature. Nonetheless, some were very prominent and some were very weak.It is precious to follow the meanings and thoughts, and to distinguish the sources of any work because it leads to comprehension of the origin of a thought and the role of the effective characters in it. Although there is almost no writer after Sa‘di who is not influenced by him, it is tried, in the present paper, to delineate the origin of four anecdotes and some famous distiches of Sa‘di in such books as Tabari history, Yaghubi history, the poems of Sanâyi, javame‘alhekayat of ‘Ufi and etc. It is possible that Sa‘di has read or heard them and then has imitated them consciously or unconsiously. These four anecdotes are the following: the ugly Negro sent to govern Egypt by Harun al Rashid, reaction of Anowshirvan, the king, the enemy's death. In addition the following themes are studied too: "the offspring of a wolf will become a wolf" , "Hatam e Tâyi and Soltan of Rome" , "one insulted an ill tempered man" , " I swear manhood that the rule of all the world.." and "all the human are the members of the same body".   https://jpll.ui.ac.ir/article_16354_2fae9b384b3a335800fd9643e7c6b31f.pdf