Iranian Persian Language and Literature Promotion Society Research on Mystical Literature HTTPS://JP 4 3 2010 10 23 Comparative Study of “Tarh” and “Towghi” in Persian and Arabic Literature Comparative Study of “Tarh” and “Towghi” in Persian and Arabic Literature 55 84 16304 FA Hossein Kyani Assistant Professor of Arabic language and literature, Shiraz University Seyed Fazlollah Mirghaderi Assistant Professor of Arabic language and literature, Shiraz University Journal Article 2016 06 14 Tarh poem in Persian and Towghi in Arabic are two kinds of modern poetry which are told in a meaningful way by using a few words. We can say that short classic poems in Persian and Arabic are replaced by Tarh and Towghi which are recognized by Persian and Arabic poets in early 70s of 20^th century. History of Persian short poems goes back to the old short poems and then to “Khosravi-ha” and history of Arabic short poems goes back to Towghi of Abbasi’s time. The most important reasons for the spread of this kind of poems are: Change of opinion about the world, speed and hurry, change in collective  feelings, business and lack of time, traditions’ violation and being influenced by others. This kind of poem in Persian was started by Nima’s short poems and was followed by Bizhan Jalili, Zia’oddin Khaleghi, Mohammad Zahri, Mansur Owji and Sirus Nowzari. In Arabic it was started  by Amin Al-Reyhani and Jobran Khalil Jobran and was followed by Ezzoddin Monasere, Ahmad Matar, Mozzaffar Navvab and Ebrahim Nasrollah. In this research, the properties of Tarh and Towghi like language, meter and rhyme, brevity and semantic norm breaking  and attraction of subject are studied, and also it is shown that although this kind of poem is affected by foreign poems, it is not a copy of them, and it goes back to old poems of these two literatures. Tarh poem in Persian and Towghi in Arabic are two kinds of modern poetry which are told in a meaningful way by using a few words. We can say that short classic poems in Persian and Arabic are replaced by Tarh and Towghi which are recognized by Persian and Arabic poets in early 70s of 20^th century. History of Persian short poems goes back to the old short poems and then to “Khosravi-ha” and history of Arabic short poems goes back to Towghi of Abbasi’s time. The most important reasons for the spread of this kind of poems are: Change of opinion about the world, speed and hurry, change in collective  feelings, business and lack of time, traditions’ violation and being influenced by others. This kind of poem in Persian was started by Nima’s short poems and was followed by Bizhan Jalili, Zia’oddin Khaleghi, Mohammad Zahri, Mansur Owji and Sirus Nowzari. In Arabic it was started  by Amin Al-Reyhani and Jobran Khalil Jobran and was followed by Ezzoddin Monasere, Ahmad Matar, Mozzaffar Navvab and Ebrahim Nasrollah. In this research, the properties of Tarh and Towghi like language, meter and rhyme, brevity and semantic norm breaking  and attraction of subject are studied, and also it is shown that although this kind of poem is affected by foreign poems, it is not a copy of them, and it goes back to old poems of these two literatures. https://jpll.ui.ac.ir/article_16304_d2ace94b5cc5efdc028e95a9e69d18e4.pdf